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and IM/DD Systems

Emerging Architectures in Direct-Clip Optical Communication: A Comprehensive Review

Authors Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques, University of Bilad Alrafidan, Diyala 32001, [email protected] Paper DOI https://doi.org/10.59992/IJCI.2026.v5n4p3 Abstract The global demand for ultra-high-speed data transmission intensifies, Intensity-Modulation Direct-Detection (IM/DD) systems have recently turned as the pillar of short-reach optical networks like 5G/6G front haul, hyper-scale data-centres and Optical Wireless Communication… اقرأ المزيد »Emerging Architectures in Direct-Clip Optical Communication: A Comprehensive Review